This review explores how advanced AI models - particularly Transformer architectures - are revolutionizing thyroid cancer detection and assessment.

• Addresses the clinical challenge of accurately identifying thyroid cancer using ML and big data analysis
• Evaluates Transformer models' effectiveness in determining malignancy risk and prognosis
• Synthesizes findings from multiple studies on AI-based diagnostic approaches
• Provides a comprehensive overview of current technological advancements in thyroid cancer management

Why It Matters: These AI-powered diagnostic systems help medical professionals process extensive clinical data more efficiently, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes in thyroid cancer cases where early detection is crucial.

Machine Learning and Transformers for Thyroid Carcinoma Diagnosis: A Review