MedAgentBench introduces a comprehensive framework for evaluating how LLM agents perform in interactive healthcare settings that mirror real Electronic Health Record systems.

• Creates a FHIR-compliant virtual environment that simulates real medical record systems
• Features physician-written clinical tasks for authentic evaluation scenarios
• Enables standardized assessment of LLMs' ability to apply medical knowledge in practical contexts
• Addresses a critical gap in medical AI benchmarking for complex, interactive healthcare tasks

This research matters because it provides the first standardized way to evaluate how medical LLM agents function in realistic healthcare environments, helping to identify strengths and limitations before deployment in patient care settings.

MedAgentBench: A Realistic Virtual EHR Environment to Benchmark Medical LLM Agents