Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with deep learning is creating breakthrough capabilities by capturing both spatial and spectral data invisible to conventional systems.

• Multi-industry impact: Applications span healthcare, security, agriculture, and industrial automation
• Technical evolution: Advances in spectral resolution, miniaturization, and AI-powered computational methods
• Enhanced analysis: Deep learning techniques unlock previously inaccessible insights from complex spectral data
• Comprehensive approach: The research provides a holistic overview of HSI applications and technologies

Medical significance: In healthcare, HSI technology enables more precise diagnostics through non-invasive spectral analysis, potentially revolutionizing early disease detection and treatment monitoring with greater accuracy than traditional imaging.

AI-Driven HSI: Multimodality, Fusion, Challenges, and the Deep Learning Revolution