This research evaluates the effectiveness of traditional control methods versus emerging AI-based approaches for engineering systems.

• Traditional controllers (PID, MPC) remain highly effective for systems with established models
• Machine learning controllers aim to reduce dependence on precise models and handle uncertainty
• The AI revolution complements rather than replaces well-established control theory
• Performance criteria must be carefully considered when selecting between traditional and AI-based control methods

For engineers, this research provides critical guidance on when to apply traditional versus AI-based control approaches, emphasizing that emerging technologies should be viewed as complementary tools rather than wholesale replacements for proven methods.

On the Standard Performance Criteria for Applied Control Design: PID, MPC or Machine Learning Controller?