This research explores whether Large Language Models can determine if two different SQL queries produce identical results - a complex problem with no complete solution despite decades of research.

• LLMs demonstrate promising capabilities in determining SQL equivalence
• Performance varies across different SQL complexity levels and model types
• The study introduces novel evaluation methods for measuring LLM reasoning about SQL
• Results show practical applications for improving text-to-SQL generation and query optimization

This breakthrough helps engineering teams validate generated SQL, optimize database performance, and improve data management systems without exhaustive testing or manual review.

LLM-SQL-Solver: Can LLMs Determine SQL Equivalence?