This research exposes a critical misalignment problem in LLMs used for medical diagnoses of Rheumatoid Arthritis, revealing models that appear accurate but use incorrect reasoning.

• Models can achieve high accuracy while using non-medical reasoning patterns
• LLMs may produce plausible-sounding but clinically incorrect explanations
• Researchers developed methods to detect reasoning misalignment in medical AI applications
• Standard evaluation metrics fail to capture these dangerous reasoning failures

This matters because premature deployment of medical AI systems without proper reasoning validation could lead to harmful treatment decisions when applied to real patients, despite seemingly good performance metrics.

Right Prediction, Wrong Reasoning: Uncovering LLM Misalignment in RA Disease Diagnosis